Light-reflection and refraction – test class 10th

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Here is a comprehensive test paper for Class 10 Science Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction based on the CBSE 2024-25 syllabus. It includes important, competency-based, NCERT, previous year, sample paper, and case-based questions, ensuring complete coverage of the chapter.

Light reflection and refraction

Class 10 Science Test Paper

Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction

Maximum Marks: 50 | Time: 1.5 Hours

Section A: In-Depth Conceptual Questions (3 Questions – 3 × 4 = 12 Marks)

  1. A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm is used to form an image of an object placed 30 cm in front of it.
    a) Find the position, nature, and magnification of the image using the mirror formula.
    b) Draw a neat ray diagram to show image formation.
    (4 Marks – 2 for calculations, 2 for ray diagram)
  2. Derive the lens formula 1/f  = 1/v – 1/u for a convex lens using the sign convention.
  3. An optical fiber uses the concept of total internal reflection (TIR) to transmit signals. Explain:
    a) The conditions necessary for TIR to occur.
    b) Why optical fibers are used in modern communication.
    (4 Marks – 2 for conditions, 2 for application)

Section B: Competency-Based Questions (3 Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks)

  1. A student is given three lenses with focal lengths +10 cm, -20 cm, and +30 cm.
    a) Identify which lens is concave and which is convex.
    b) If the student wants to obtain a real and magnified image, which lens should they choose and why?
  2. A person with hypermetropia (far-sightedness) cannot see nearby objects clearly.
    a) What kind of lens is used to correct this defect?
    b) Explain with a ray diagram how the lens helps to correct the defect.
  3. A car’s rear-view mirror is convex, while the side mirrors of some high-end cars are concave.
    a) Justify the use of convex mirrors for rear-view.
    b) In which scenario would a concave mirror be better?

Section C: Previous Year CBSE Questions (3 Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks)

  1. (PYQ 2023) A convex lens of focal length 20 cm forms a real and inverted image 50 cm from the lens. Find the position of the object.
  2. (PYQ 2022) Why does a spoon appear bent when placed in a glass of water? Explain the phenomenon.
  3. (PYQ 2021) A ray of light passes from glass (n = 1.5) to air (n = 1.0). The angle of incidence is 45°.
    a) Will the ray bend towards or away from the normal?
    b) Calculate the angle of refraction using Snell’s law.

Section D: NCERT Textbook Questions (2 Questions – 2 × 4 = 8 Marks)

  1. (NCERT) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation by a concave mirror when an object is placed:
    a) Beyond C
    b) Between F and C
    c) At F
    d) Between F and P
    (4 Marks – 1 for each diagram)
  2. (NCERT) The refractive index of glass relative to air is 1.5.
    a) What is the meaning of this statement?
    b) If the speed of light in air is 3×1083 \times 10^8 m/s, find the speed of light in glass.

Section E: Sample Paper Questions (3 Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks)

  1. (Sample Paper 2024) A pencil appears broken when placed partially in water.
    a) Name the phenomenon responsible.
    b) Draw a ray diagram to show the effect.
  2. (Sample Paper 2023) A concave lens always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image. Justify this with a ray diagram.
  3. (Sample Paper 2022) The power of a convex lens is +5D.
    a) Find its focal length.
    b) Is the lens thicker at the center or edges? Explain.

Section F: Case-Based Questions (2 Questions – 2 × 5 = 10 Marks)

  1. Case Study: Camera Lens and Image Formation
    A student is experimenting with a convex lens to focus sunlight on a piece of paper. The paper starts burning after some time.
    a) What type of image is formed on the paper?
    b) Why does the paper burn?
    c) If the focal length of the lens is 15 cm, where should the paper be placed to get the sharpest image?
    d) Write a real-life application of this principle.
  2. Case Study: Vision Defects and Lenses
    A 50-year-old man has difficulty reading small print but sees distant objects clearly.
    a) What eye defect does he have?
    b) Which type of lens is required for correction?
    c) Draw a ray diagram showing how this defect is corrected.
    d) If his prescription lens has a power of +2.5 D, calculate the focal length of his lens.

Marking Scheme

  • In-Depth Questions – 3 × 4 = 12 Marks
  • Competency-Based Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks
  • Previous Year Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks
  • NCERT Questions – 2 × 4 = 8 Marks
  • Sample Paper Questions – 3 × 3 = 9 Marks
  • Case-Based Questions – 2 × 5 = 10 Marks

Total: 50 Marks

This test paper is comprehensive, high-quality, and based on the latest CBSE 2024-25 syllabus, covering:
✅ Conceptual depth
✅ Competency-based reasoning
✅ NCERT & previous year questions
✅ Application & real-life scenarios

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