Our environment CBSE 2024-25 Science Sample Paper

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Here is a comprehensive test paper for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 13 – Our Environment, designed as per the latest 2024-25 syllabus, incorporating NCERT, previous years’ papers, latest sample papers, and important publications.

Class 10 Science – Chapter 13: Our Environment

Comprehensive Test Paper (2024-25)
📌 Maximum Marks: 40
📌 Time: 1 Hour

our environment

Section A: In-Depth Knowledge Questions (3 Marks Each)

  1. Energy Flow in an Ecosystem: Explain the 10% law of energy transfer with a suitable food chain. How does this law affect the number of organisms at different trophic levels?
  2. Biodegradable vs Non-Biodegradable Substances: Differentiate between biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances with examples. Why is the disposal of non-biodegradable waste a serious concern?
  3. Ozone Layer Depletion: What is ozone depletion? Explain its causes and effects on the environment. What steps have been taken at the global level to protect the ozone layer?

Section B: Competency-Based Questions (3 Marks Each)

  1. Interdependence in Ecosystems: A forest ecosystem is disturbed due to deforestation. Predict and explain how this affects the food chain, biodiversity, and carbon cycle.
  2. Waste Management: A city generates 500 tonnes of solid waste daily. Suggest eco-friendly methods for managing this waste and explain how improper disposal affects soil and water resources.
  3. Sustainable Development: Your school is planning a campaign on “Reducing Plastic Waste.” Suggest three practical initiatives that students can take to reduce plastic usage and their impact on the environment.

Section C: Previous Year Questions (3 Marks Each)

  1. Trophic Levels and Energy Loss (CBSE 2023): Why do food chains rarely have more than 4-5 trophic levels? Explain with an example.
  2. Non-Biodegradable Substances (CBSE 2022): Why do non-biodegradable substances accumulate in the environment? What are their long-term effects on ecosystems?
  3. Food Web vs. Food Chain (CBSE 2021): Differentiate between a food chain and a food web. Why is a food web more stable than a food chain in an ecosystem?

Section D: NCERT Textbook Questions (4 Marks Each)

  1. Biomagnification: Explain the concept of biomagnification with an example. Why does the concentration of harmful chemicals increase at higher trophic levels?
  2. Decomposers in Ecosystem: What role do decomposers play in the ecosystem? How would the absence of decomposers affect the environment?

Section E: Sample Paper Questions (4 Marks Each)

  1. Effects of Human Activities: How do human activities like deforestation, industrialization, and excessive use of fertilizers impact the ecosystem and food chain stability? Suggest measures to reduce these impacts.
  2. Impact of Artificial Pesticides: Farmers use synthetic pesticides to improve crop yield. How does excessive use of pesticides lead to environmental and health hazards? Suggest eco-friendly alternatives to control pests.
  3. Ecosystem Stability: Why is biodiversity important for the stability of an ecosystem? Explain with examples how biodiversity loss can affect human life.

Section F: Case-Based Questions (5 Marks Each)

Case Study 1: Plastic Pollution in Oceans
Plastic waste is accumulating in oceans, affecting marine life. Large amounts of plastic debris are found in the stomachs of whales, seabirds, and turtles, causing starvation and death. Microplastics have also been detected in drinking water, posing health risks.

Questions:
(a) How does plastic pollution impact aquatic ecosystems?
(b) Explain how microplastics enter the food chain and their long-term effects.
(c) Suggest three sustainable ways to reduce plastic waste and its impact on marine life.

Case Study 2: Impact of Urbanization on the Environment
With rapid urbanization, there is an increase in waste production, air pollution, and deforestation. Groundwater levels are depleting, and waste disposal has become a significant challenge.

Questions:
(a) How does urbanization lead to an ecological imbalance?
(b) Suggest two effective ways to manage urban waste sustainably.
(c) Explain how green spaces and afforestation can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization.

This test paper ensures thorough concept understanding, critical thinking, and application-based learning while following the latest CBSE 2024-25 syllabus.

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